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What is happening today in the refugee structures on the Aegean islands
Serious problems in the EU-funded structures
Introductory note Seven years after signing the toxic EU-Turkey "agreement", the East Aegean islands remain "black holes" for the fundamental rights of applicants for international protection. According to recent data, arrivals had increased significantly in late 2022 and early 2023[1] . At the same time, allegations of deterrence practices and informal forced returns at maritime borders continue. In the Closed Controlled Access Centres (CCAC) in Samos, Kos and Leros - the construction of which was 100% financed by the European Union - as well as in those in Lesvos and Chios, asylum seekers and their children live in remote areas with disproportionate [2] .
In November 2020, the Commission awarded €121 million for the construction of reception centres on the islands of Samos, Kos and Leros. On 29 March, the Commission awarded a further grant of €155 million to the Greek authorities to build new reception centres on the Greek islands of Lesvos and Chios.
“The European Commission is supporting the Greek authorities to set up new multi-purpose reception and identification centres on five other Greek islands. Construction of the new centres has already finished on Samos, Kos and Leros, while preparation is in full swing for the new centres on Lesvos and Chios.”: Source .
The Greek government has announced the construction of similar Closed Controlled Access Centres in Lesvos and Chios, but it is currently facing significant legal obstacles and the opposition of a large part of the local community. Housing and security conditions may have improved in the structures on the five islands in relation to the past[3] , as there are no longer tents and makeshift shelters, but they still do not meet the reception and protection needs of applicants for international protection despite the huge amounts given for their construction[4] .
The situation on the islands' CCAC is difficult to capture as different practices are observed and there seems to be no unified way of managing the issues that arise. With this information note, Refugee Support Aegean (RSA) and PRO ASYL a attempt a short description, firstly of the general conditions in all structures, and then, based on the specific conditions and data for each island.
For this note, RSA conducted research between February 15 and March 31, 2023, including field research in Lesvos and Kos and through telephone interviews, and used statistics published until early April. The data mentioned below were collected from cases we have undertaken and our experience in the field, communications with organisations in the field, testimonies from asylum seekers residing in the structures, people working in the structures, volunteers and actors in solidarity living on the islands, as well as official communications with the competent authorities and UNHCR. We would like to thank everyone who provided us with information and spoke with us during this research. We note that, as far as the competent authorities are concerned, we received an official response only from the Special Secretariat for the Protection of Unaccompanied Minors of the Ministry of Migration and Asylum, as set out below. Despite our persistent efforts, we did not receive a response from the Reception & Identification Service (RIC & CCAC), from the Regional Services of the Reception and Identification Service, nor from the National Public Health Organisation, as far as the medical and support staff in the structures are concerned. The data refer to the situation in the research period, unless otherwise stated. We note that these data are dynamic, due to the frequent changes observed in structures.
4. The Greek Council for Refugees (GCR) and Oxfam have recommended
1. Flows in January 2023 increased by 278% compared to the corresponding month of 2022 and in February 2023 increased by 69% compared to the corresponding month of 2022. Residents on the islands were 44% more in January 2023 compared to the same month in 2022 and 46% more in February 2023 compared to the same month in 2022. In January, transfers of applicants from the islands to the mainland increased by 326% compared to the corresponding month of 2022 and in February by 104% compared to the corresponding month of 2022. Ministry of Migration and Asylum, Briefing Notes January 2023 and February 2023, available here here increased rescued reported
2. A monthly allowance of EUR 75 is provided for individuals and EUR 210 for families with four or more members. Ministry of Migration and Asylum, Benefits-Financial Aids, available here
In 2015, the EU, in order to deal with refugee flows, introduced the hotspot approach based on which the structures on the islands of Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Kos and Leros operated as Reception and Identification Centers (RIC) for third-country and stateless individuals who enter the country illegally until they undergo procedures of reception and identification and submit an application for international protection (asylum). Successively from late 2021, these structures were transformed into Closed Controlled Access Centres (CCAC). In EU documents, the centres are referred to as “Multi-Purpose Reception and Identification Centres (MPRIC)”, while the Greek government has officially chosen the term CCAC. CCAC are regional operation units of the Reception and Identification Service. CCAC may also include a Reception and Identification Centre, a temporary accommodation facility, as well as special accommodation facilities with all the necessary provisions for vulnerable individuals. Unaccompanied minors are hosted in separate areas that operate as “safe areas.” There are also provisions for the operation of Pre-Removal Detention Centres within separate areas of the CCAC which are directed by the Greek Police: Source
For the purposes of this text, the term CCAC will be used everywhere to refer to the structures of the five islands which are the subject of this research.
Extensive surveillance and repression measures The new structures were heralded as open accommodation structures, providing better conditions and security, but are actually more akin to prisons[5] . Asylum applicants residing in the CCAC on the five Aegean islands are living under increased control, surveillance and repression. In all structures there are multiple security measures.
5. "The facilities will be open reception centres with control of entry and exit for the residents and necessary limitations to ensure full safety and security for all groups of residents, the personnel, and the local population. The residents will be able to come and go at will.”: Source
In particular, the CCAC in Samos, Kos Leros [6] . Also, every time they return they are subjected to bag check and body check and pass again by metal detectors. Children residing in Samos and Leros CCAC also undergo a security check even when they return from school.
6. “Access of both temporary residents and those working in the CCAC is controlled through the YPERION Access Control and Monitoring System and the equipment installed at the central gates [turnstiles, magnetic gates, x-rays, two-factor access control system (identity and footprint)] and ensures the safe and controlled entry and exit from the structure to whoever is entitled to it. Controlled access is carried out through rotating protection bars (turnstiles) which are activated upon confirmation of the presence and identity of the cardholder” Instruction Manual for the Entry-Exit Management of Closed Controlled Access Centres - Ministry of Migration and Asylum, General Secretariat of Reception, Reception and Identification Service, Directorate of Reception and Identification Centres & Closed Controlled Access Centres on the islands, Version 1.2 || March 2022.
In addition, a Closed Monitoring System (CCTV) has been installed throughout the structures, using "smart" software in order to early warn about any incidents, and has the ability to give alerts and image to the Local Event Centre, the Control Centre in Athens and the Control Centres of other stakeholders (e.g. Greek Police). Fencing, as well as turnstiles with card readers, have been placed in the separate sections of the structures. The aim, according to the Ministry of Migration and Asylum, is "to protect the workers there and vulnerable groups, such as unaccompanied children and single parents". In the Samos, Kos and Leros CCAC the establishment of a special detention facility is also planned in accordance with Article 31 of the L 3907/2011 (A' 7) which will operate as the Service of the Greek Police, at the level of the Police Station.
The testimonies we have gathered speak of conditions of constant control, monitoring and repression, but also of cases of verbal abuse by the staff of the structures to the residents, with no sanctions. The circumstances created by the intensification of security and the lack of special security staff training, combined with traumatic experiences of refugees entering the border, have significantly aggravated the psychological situation of the residents and violate fundamental rights of those living but also working there, including their rights to freedom of movement and privacy.
Departure of residents from the structure is allowed from 7 a.m. to 9 p.m. Compliance with time of entry and exit from the CCAC, as well as the overnight stay within the structure, are mandatory [7] . According to reports, those who are quarantined don't have access to their mobile phone and the rest of the world.
We should note that asylum seekers were, at least until the end of March 2023, the only population group still subject to mandatory COVID-19 quarantine upon arrival in Greece for at least five days.
Newcomers are not allowed to leave the structure or go to another wing of the CCAC until they have received an asylum seeker's card - this is a restriction of liberty granted under the reception and identification procedure before an asylum application is registered under the law. At least in the cases of Lesvos and Kos, mainly due to delays in registrations, this restriction of liberty extends in some cases beyond the 25 days provided for in the legislation as the maximum limitation period for the purpose of completing the reception and identification procedures.
7. Until March 27, 2023, the restriction of movement on the islands' CCAC was based on the Joint Ministerial Decision taken in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic and which had been renewed since then, despite the fact that for the general population of the country all restrictive movement measures had been lifted from the previous year. Recent D1a/SG.oik.17849/24.3.2023 FEK (FEK B' 1954/26-03-2023) available here .
Finally, all structures are located outside urban fabric and/or in remote areas, where access is very difficult, contributing to their further isolation. Apart from the fact that those moving have to pay for a ticket (from EUR 1 to 2.10 per person every time depending on the island - an important cost given the poor financial situation of applicants), in some cases transport is particularly scarce, and residents, in order to move, have to walk many kilometres, take a taxi - or simply avoid moving.
We note that the Controlled Facility for Temporary Accommodation of West Lesvos (Megala Therma or Kastelia) is the only discrete structure that still operates today with almost zero staffing and no first reception conditions. This structure was used for newcomers under the pretext of quarantine, at least until the end of March 2023, and in practice as an informal place of arbitrary detention until the official transfer of newcomers to the Lesvos CCAC.
Main problems of residents in the CCAC In all the CCAC of the islands there is significant reduction in personnel but also the departure of organisations previously working in the field, with serious consequences in the provision of necessary services[8] . The departure of organisations is also due, among other things, to the disproportionately strict conditions
In addition, there are serious shortages of medical staff and psychosocial support, and deficiencies in the provision of interpretation in all islands. Especially after the European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) has stopped providing interpretation services, and until METAdrasi's interpretation services are fully developed, the problem has become increasingly acute in all islands.
Also, due to the lack of medical staff in the CCAC, the already
8. The issue is highlighted by the Panhellenic Association of Employees in the Reception and Identification Service of Third Country Nationals, which refers to understaffing and staff shortages in structures, 23 September 2022, available here .
All CCAC also record significant delays in the provision of the monthly financial assistance allowances, which the Administration is required to provide to asylum seekers until the processing of their application has been completed. According to the procedure, the Reception and Identification Service has a list of beneficiaries which is updated every month. From the moment of entry in the list of beneficiaries, a period of at least 15 days is required to "climb up" the system, while in Kos and Lesvos we were told that the acquisition of a Greek mobile number is also necessary. Therefore, the initial reception of the allowance requires at least forty days, without any retroactive payments. A vulnerable woman living on Lesvos, whose case was taken over by Refugee Support Aegean, was deprived of the cash card she was entitled to for several months, by mistake of the system. There are also cases of people who, in the meantime, either received international protection status or had their request rejected, resulting in them never receiving the allowance.
In CCAC, there are also, in certain cases, shortcomings in hot water and baby milk, in baby diapers and bed linen, and poor quality of mattresses. Poor quality and quantity of food are among the most serious problems, and it also seems that there is no provision for a special diet in cases of serious health problems, nor for baby foods. There are also significant maintenance problems in containers.
Within the structures there is a lack of recreational activities. Spaces of creative activities or shop spaces, as intended[9] , have not in most cases been put into operation. This also applies to spaces that are already ready to function, e.g. laundry rooms in Kos. There are not enough shaded areas, making it impossible for residents to stay in open space, especially during the summer months.
Problems in the CCAC related to reception and asylum procedures At the start of the reception and identification process in the CCAC a key stage is to establish the vulnerability of asylum seekers (subordinated to one of the categories listed indicatively in the Asylum Code) by the Medical Control and Psychosocial Support Unit, as it is a prerequisite for the provision of specific reception conditions and is directly related to granting specific procedural guarantees. With the current deficiencies of medical and psychosocial personnel as reflected on each island, vulnerability assessment is significantly delayed. In Kos and Chios, for example, vulnerability assessment is performed by National Public Health Organisation missions occasionally coming from other parts of Greece, off the island, with obvious consequences on the timing and effectiveness of registration, but also on the monitoring of vulnerability after registration. As a result, in many cases, the procedure of examining an asylum application is initiated without the necessary registration of vulnerability, and with serious shortcomings in supporting and referring vulnerable cases.
Furthermore, asylum procedures on the islands are often carried out at an extremely rapid pace and with extremely short deadlines, obviously at the expense of the quality of the procedure. This is actually an application of the border procedure, which should not be applied at all[10] . There is no provision of legal information and assistance to all newcomers, which is exacerbated by the significant lack of interpreters, while there are delays and rescheduling of interviews without timely information/summons of applicants. There are also serious shortcomings in legal support on all islands, as a result of the reduction of organisations operating in the field and the discontinuation and resumption of relevant programmes[11] .
It emerges from the nationalities of the residents that there is often a large number of asylum seekers, particularly from Afghanistan and Somalia, whose claims are dealt with under the Joint Ministerial Decision (KYA) which defines Turkey as a “safe third country” and are therefore rejected as unacceptable without any consideration in substance, exposing residents to a precarious situation in an limbo state. These people are cut off from reception conditions while they are currently allowed to stay in the CCAC.
11. Applicants for international protection in Greece are also provided free legal assistance at the second degree of the asylum procedure, by a lawyer included in the Register of Lawyers of the Asylum Service for the purposes of applying the legal remedy provided by para. 5 of Article 7 of L 4375/2016 before the Appeals Authority referred to in Article 4 of the same Law, in accordance with the specific terms and conditions of this Decision.
10. For more on the border procedure, read here
The European Commission's supervisory role in the new structures on the islands Following the fire that completely destroyed the RIC in Moria in September 2020, the European Commission announced the provision of funding the Greek authorities for the new structures and - for the first time in the annals of European asylum policy - co-managing a new structure in Lesvos. At the same time, it created the Task Force Migration Management as a mechanism to facilitate the coordination between the EU institutions and the Greek authorities, agencies and bodies involved in migration management. The Task Force is also aimed at supervising and ensuring compliance with European standards in structures on the islands, but the precise role of the Task Force and the distinction between the operational support towards the authorities and the enforcement of European rules remains unclear have not been delivered to date
Based on the reality in the CCAC in the Aegean islands, as shown by this RSA research, in particular the serious deficiencies in medical and psychosocial personnel and the regime of incarceration and excessive policing, the obvious need is to strengthen the reception system, investing in decentralised forms of reception in small open structures within the urban fabric throughout the Greek territory. For as long as the structures on the islands function as hotspots, with newcomers staying semi-permanently in them until the completion of their asylum procedure, the conditions in them will continue to be incompatible with the legal obligations of the country towards asylum seekers and with European standards.
The only way to fulfil the country's obligations and respect the fundamental rights of refugees is to radically change the European migration and asylum policy. The EU-funded structures on the islands are precisely an expression of failure of this European policy, aiming to - unlawfully- prevent arrivals to the EU, through the externalisation of borders and generalised militarisation.
Capturing the change of the natural landscape due to the construction of the new Lesvos CCAC in Vastria through satellite imagery. Your browser does not support this video
Below are summarized data regarding the CCAC on the five Aegean islands where such structures exist (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Kos, and Leros). We then proceed by analysing in detail the conditions in each of the islands
complaints about food quality and quantity
shortages in hot water and children’s milk
shortages in bed linen and poor quality of mattresses
shortages in basic necessities
economic hardship due to inability to find a job
significant delays in the provision of monthly financial assistance allowances
lack of medical staff, psychologists and interpreters
stay of unaccompanied minors in the CCAC, often for an unspecified period of time, at periods when accommodation facilities for unaccompanied minors are full
lack of provision of special reception conditions for shipwreck survivors
stay of newcomers in rubhalls, often on on mattress-free palettes and in the cold
Reported main problems in living conditions and significant deficiencies
POOR LIVING CONDITIONS /
LACK OF BASIC NECESSITIES
Lack of Commissioner for unaccompanied minors on the island
containers in very poor condition, and in most of which air conditioning does not operate
many cockroaches in the spaces
food of low quality and reports of food poisonings
lack of a doctor and a social worker within the structure, with serious implications on identification of vulnerability
deficiencies in psychosocial support, even for unaccompanied minors
Reported main problems in living conditions and significant deficiencies
LACK OF MEDICAL PERSONNEL
strict and extensive surveillance and control measures
disproportionately strict guarding and reports of use of force by authorities and police
significant shortages of basic necessities
Problems in the access of lawyers within the structure
deficiencies in psychosocial support, even for unaccompanied minors
shortages in the provision of interpretation
based on information, in mid-March, there was no doctor of the National Public Health Organisation in the CCAC
Reported main problems in living conditions and significant deficiencies
inadequate conditions in the "safe area" for unaccompanied minors, with very limited access to activities
dismissive behaviours towards residents and exhausting controls
reports of intra-body controls in cases of drug controls
significant shortage of interpreters
poor food quality and very small amounts of food and also drinking water
distribution of all meals once every noon
reports of shortages in the provision of essential food for children
significant maintenance problems in containers
shortages in clothes and shoes
communal spaces, laundries and kitchens not operating
neither a doctor nor a psychologist at the end of March inside the structure
reports of severe psychiatric cases that, instead of being referred, have their “geographical restriction” lifted and are obliged to seek medical care elsewhere on their own
newcomers entering the PROKEKA are forced to destroy the cameras on their mobile phones in order to prevent filming inside the PROKEKA
Reported main problems in living conditions and significant deficiencies
POOR QUALITY AND QUANTITY IN FOOD AND WATER
body controls to employees and residents, even children
bad quality and quantity of food
distribution of all three meals of the day at once
shops in the structure not functioning
insufficient legal assistance
Reported main problems in living conditions and significant deficiencies
BODY CONTROLS TO EMPLOYEES AND RESIDENTS
Notes
Flows in January 2023 increased by 278% compared to the corresponding month of 2022 and in February 2023 increased by 69% compared to the corresponding month of 2022. Residents on the islands were 44% more in January 2023 compared to the same month in 2022 and 46% more in February 2023 compared to the same month in 2022. In January, transfers of applicants from the islands to the mainland increased by 326% compared to the corresponding month of 2022 and in February by 104% compared to the corresponding month of 2022. Ministry of Migration and Asylum, Briefing Notes January 2023 and February 2023, available
here and
here . Also, the number of arrivals from the maritime border
increased in 2022 by 195% compared to 2021 due to the departure of more people from Turkey and Lebanon in that year, who were rescued in Greek waters. The Turkish authorities reported that they
rescued or arrested about 3,000 refugees and migrants at sea in January 2023. Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis
reported in mid-January that approximately 250,000 illegal entries at the land border and almost 45,000 at the sea border were prevented in 2022.
↑ A monthly allowance of EUR 75 is provided for individuals and EUR 210 for families with four or more members. Ministry of Migration and Asylum, Benefits-Financial Aids, available
here .
↑ The Greek Council for Refugees (GCR) and Oxfam have
recommended the establishment of a clear and transparent public reporting mechanism on EU funds spent, resources used and for what purposes in these centres, including parts of the premises that are or are not functioning, with written justifications.
↑ "The facilities will be open reception centres with control of entry and exit for the residents and necessary limitations to ensure full safety and security for all groups of residents, the personnel, and the local population. The residents will be able to come and go at will.”:
Source .
↑ “Access of both temporary residents and those working in the CCAC is controlled through the YPERION Access Control and Monitoring System and the equipment installed at the central gates [turnstiles, magnetic gates, x-rays, two-factor access control system (identity and footprint)] and ensures the safe and controlled entry and exit from the structure to whoever is entitled to it. Controlled access is carried out through rotating protection bars (turnstiles) which are activated upon confirmation of the presence and identity of the cardholder” Instruction Manual for the Entry-Exit Management of Closed Controlled Access Centres - Ministry of Migration and Asylum, General Secretariat of Reception, Reception and Identification Service, Directorate of Reception and Identification Centres & Closed Controlled Access Centres on the islands, Version 1.2 || March 2022.
↑ Until March 27, 2023, the restriction of movement on the islands' CCAC was based on the Joint Ministerial Decision taken in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic and which had been renewed since then, despite the fact that for the general population of the country all restrictive movement measures had been lifted from the previous year. Recent D1a/SG.oik.17849/24.3.2023 FEK (FEK B' 1954/26-03-2023) available
here .
↑ The issue is highlighted by the Panhellenic Association of Employees in the Reception and Identification Service of Third Country Nationals, which refers to understaffing and staff shortages in structures, 23 September 2022, available
here .
↑ For more on the border procedure, read
here .
↑ Applicants for international protection in Greece are also provided free legal assistance at the second degree of the asylum procedure, by a lawyer included in the
Register of
Lawyers of the Asylum Service for the purposes of applying the legal remedy provided by para. 5 of Article 7 of L 4375/2016 before the Appeals Authority referred to in Article 4 of the same Law, in accordance with the specific terms and conditions of this Decision.
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145.95v220.09z"],"media_restart":[512,512,"M457.4 9.4l-50.1 50.1C365.4 27.2 312.8 8 255.8 8 119.2 8.1 7.7 119.8 8 256.5S119.2 504 256 504c63.9 0 122.2-24.2 166.2-63.9 5.1-4.6 5.4-12.6.5-17.4l-7.1-7.1c-4.5-4.5-11.7-4.7-16.5-.5-39 35.1-89.4 54.9-143.1 54.9-118 0-214-95.6-214-214 0-118 95.6-214 214-214 46.5 0 90.7 14.9 127 41.7l-53.6 53.6c-20.1 20.1-5.9 54.6 22.6 54.6h128c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32V32c0-28.5-34.6-42.7-54.6-22.6zM480 160H352L480 32z"]},"children":["eAKxd92Az1Z"],"cl":"wUNTsB8PHK"},{"key":"ePX8epgeqsh","content":{"text":"Μπορείτε να βρείτε το κείμενο στα ελληνικά εδώ
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"etjk4pIUpQl","content":{"linkText":"Download the Briefing in pdf","link":{"mode":2,"href":"https://rsaegean.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/ccac-aegean-islands-greece.pdf","target":true}},"type":"w3tbowgsq-","cl":"w3tbowgsq-"},{"key":"eEjR93vxgsn","type":"frame","children":["ePX8epgeqsh","etjk4pIUpQl"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"epKCW2EzReL","type":"section","children":["eEjR93vxgsn"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"e8ea5VKLDrL","content":{"text":"Introductory note Seven years after signing the toxic EU-Turkey "agreement", the East Aegean islands remain "black holes" for the fundamental rights of applicants for international protection. According to recent data, arrivals had increased significantly in late 2022 and early 2023[1] . At the same time, allegations of deterrence practices and informal forced returns at maritime borders continue. In the Closed Controlled Access Centres (CCAC) in Samos, Kos and Leros - the construction of which was 100% financed by the European Union - as well as in those in Lesvos and Chios, asylum seekers and their children live in remote areas with disproportionate [2] .
"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"e4y0YkcByu9","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1681911596014,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1.2,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1681911596014,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1.2,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1681911596014,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1.2,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"e7y8DDlFqmA","content":{"text":"In November 2020, the Commission awarded €121 million for the construction of reception centres on the islands of Samos, Kos and Leros. On 29 March, the Commission awarded a further grant of €155 million to the Greek authorities to build new reception centres on the Greek islands of Lesvos and Chios.
“The European Commission is supporting the Greek authorities to set up new multi-purpose reception and identification centres on five other Greek islands. Construction of the new centres has already finished on Samos, Kos and Leros, while preparation is in full swing for the new centres on Lesvos and Chios.”: Source .
"},"type":"text","actions":["e4y0YkcByu9"],"cl":"text pgzS89l1v1P"},{"key":"eRWH4YU6xuu","content":{"text":"The Greek government has announced the construction of similar Closed Controlled Access Centres in Lesvos and Chios, but it is currently facing significant legal obstacles and the opposition of a large part of the local community. Housing and security conditions may have improved in the structures on the five islands in relation to the past[3] , as there are no longer tents and makeshift shelters, but they still do not meet the reception and protection needs of applicants for international protection despite the huge amounts given for their construction[4] .
The situation on the islands' CCAC is difficult to capture as different practices are observed and there seems to be no unified way of managing the issues that arise. With this information note, Refugee Support Aegean (RSA) and PRO ASYL a attempt a short description, firstly of the general conditions in all structures, and then, based on the specific conditions and data for each island.
"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"efJIdukYIqN","content":{"text":"For this note, RSA conducted research between February 15 and March 31, 2023, including field research in Lesvos and Kos and through telephone interviews, and used statistics published until early April. The data mentioned below were collected from cases we have undertaken and our experience in the field, communications with organisations in the field, testimonies from asylum seekers residing in the structures, people working in the structures, volunteers and actors in solidarity living on the islands, as well as official communications with the competent authorities and UNHCR. We would like to thank everyone who provided us with information and spoke with us during this research. We note that, as far as the competent authorities are concerned, we received an official response only from the Special Secretariat for the Protection of Unaccompanied Minors of the Ministry of Migration and Asylum, as set out below. Despite our persistent efforts, we did not receive a response from the Reception & Identification Service (RIC & CCAC), from the Regional Services of the Reception and Identification Service, nor from the National Public Health Organisation, as far as the medical and support staff in the structures are concerned. The data refer to the situation in the research period, unless otherwise stated. We note that these data are dynamic, due to the frequent changes observed in structures.
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1. Flows in January 2023 increased by 278% compared to the corresponding month of 2022 and in February 2023 increased by 69% compared to the corresponding month of 2022. Residents on the islands were 44% more in January 2023 compared to the same month in 2022 and 46% more in February 2023 compared to the same month in 2022. In January, transfers of applicants from the islands to the mainland increased by 326% compared to the corresponding month of 2022 and in February by 104% compared to the corresponding month of 2022. Ministry of Migration and Asylum, Briefing Notes January 2023 and February 2023, available here here increased rescued reported
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2. A monthly allowance of EUR 75 is provided for individuals and EUR 210 for families with four or more members. Ministry of Migration and Asylum, Benefits-Financial Aids, available here
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For the purposes of this text, the term CCAC will be used everywhere to refer to the structures of the five islands which are the subject of this research.
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Also, every time they return they are subjected to bag check and body check and pass again by metal detectors. Children residing in Samos and Leros CCAC also undergo a security check even when they return from school.
"},"type":"text","cl":"text pagNyN-YaFK"},{"key":"eiKrxC1qdfW","content":{"shapeId":"qMeReCY9r4"},"type":"shape","cl":"shape"},{"key":"eQTIJCTivD2","content":{"text":"6. “Access of both temporary residents and those working in the CCAC is controlled through the YPERION Access Control and Monitoring System and the equipment installed at the central gates [turnstiles, magnetic gates, x-rays, two-factor access control system (identity and footprint)] and ensures the safe and controlled entry and exit from the structure to whoever is entitled to it. Controlled access is carried out through rotating protection bars (turnstiles) which are activated upon confirmation of the presence and identity of the cardholder” Instruction Manual for the Entry-Exit Management of Closed Controlled Access Centres - Ministry of Migration and Asylum, General Secretariat of Reception, Reception and Identification Service, Directorate of Reception and Identification Centres & Closed Controlled Access Centres on the islands, Version 1.2 || March 2022.
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Fencing, as well as turnstiles with card readers, have been placed in the separate sections of the structures. The aim, according to the Ministry of Migration and Asylum, is "to protect the workers there and vulnerable groups, such as unaccompanied children and single parents". In the Samos, Kos and Leros CCAC the establishment of a special detention facility is also planned in accordance with Article 31 of the L 3907/2011 (A' 7) which will operate as the Service of the Greek Police, at the level of the Police Station.
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Departure of residents from the structure is allowed from 7 a.m. to 9 p.m. Compliance with time of entry and exit from the CCAC, as well as the overnight stay within the structure, are mandatory [7] . According to reports, those who are quarantined don't have access to their mobile phone and the rest of the world.
"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"eEWhuZZ1g5J","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1681901490161,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":2.2,"delay":0,"translateY":["200px","0px"],"preset":"staggerSlide","easing":"easeOutQuad"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1681903882827,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":2.2,"delay":0,"preset":"staggerSlide","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1681901490161,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":2.2,"delay":0,"translateY":["200px","0px"],"preset":"staggerSlide","easing":"easeOutQuad"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"eVivLa_eqV8","content":{"text":"We should note that asylum seekers were, at least until the end of March 2023, the only population group still subject to mandatory COVID-19 quarantine upon arrival in Greece for at least five days.
"},"type":"text","actions":["eEWhuZZ1g5J"],"cl":"text"},{"key":"ev7QRgan9sE","content":{"text":"Newcomers are not allowed to leave the structure or go to another wing of the CCAC until they have received an asylum seeker's card - this is a restriction of liberty granted under the reception and identification procedure before an asylum application is registered under the law. At least in the cases of Lesvos and Kos, mainly due to delays in registrations, this restriction of liberty extends in some cases beyond the 25 days provided for in the legislation as the maximum limitation period for the purpose of completing the reception and identification procedures.
"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"eGkEvm3CLbg","type":"frame","children":["eg181shOwcA","eVivLa_eqV8","ev7QRgan9sE"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"eeU_dzkcVkw","content":{"text":"7. Until March 27, 2023, the restriction of movement on the islands' CCAC was based on the Joint Ministerial Decision taken in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic and which had been renewed since then, despite the fact that for the general population of the country all restrictive movement measures had been lifted from the previous year. Recent D1a/SG.oik.17849/24.3.2023 FEK (FEK B' 1954/26-03-2023) available here .
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note that the Controlled Facility for Temporary Accommodation of West Lesvos (Megala Therma or Kastelia) is the only discrete structure that still operates today with almost zero staffing and no first reception conditions. This structure was used for newcomers under the pretext of quarantine, at least until the end of March 2023, and in practice as an informal place of arbitrary detention until the official transfer of newcomers to the Lesvos CCAC.
"},"type":"text","cl":"text pagNyN-YaFK"},{"key":"ejVfZSWTxkg","content":{"speed":40},"type":"w1c3kqru4r-1p7v","children":["eXo-dkc0qn-"],"cl":"w1c3kqru4r-1p7v"},{"key":"ei5gPhxjbks","content":{"text":"Main problems of residents in the CCAC In all the CCAC of the islands there is significant reduction in personnel but also the departure of organisations previously working in the field, with serious consequences in the provision of necessary services[8] . The departure of organisations is also due, among other things, to the disproportionately strict conditions
In addition, there are serious shortages of medical staff and psychosocial support, and deficiencies in the provision of interpretation in all islands. Especially after the European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) has stopped providing interpretation services, and until METAdrasi's interpretation services are fully developed, the problem has become increasingly acute in all islands.
Also, due to the lack of medical staff in the CCAC, the already
"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"eJlEXM-bPUI","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1681911596014,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1.2,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1681911596014,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1.2,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1681911596014,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1.2,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"e2X-Fbtf0um","content":{"src":{"key":"xoErUS7Wei","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/84xLTPnl9KSkCPK8TheejlkeE6z2/image/xoErUS7Wei.jpg","ratio":1}},"type":"image","actions":["eJlEXM-bPUI"],"cl":"image"},{"key":"eUnuRV_b80X","type":"frame","children":["ei5gPhxjbks","e2X-Fbtf0um"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"e3h5etFExBV","content":{"text":"8. The issue is highlighted by the Panhellenic Association of Employees in the Reception and Identification Service of Third Country Nationals, which refers to understaffing and staff shortages in structures, 23 September 2022, available here .
"},"type":"text","cl":"text pgzS89l1v1P"},{"key":"etZ_IQ_4Q9C","content":{"shapeId":"DOKpFbxWsW"},"type":"shape","cl":"shape"},{"key":"eVGQ6lO-rXK","content":{"showTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":1,"value":[512,512,"M480 288H320c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v160c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h160c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V320c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32zm-16 176H336V336h128v128zM128 256C57.31 256 0 313.31 0 384s57.31 128 128 128 128-57.31 128-128-57.31-128-128-128zm0 208c-44.11 0-80-35.89-80-80s35.89-80 80-80 80 35.89 80 80-35.89 80-80 80zm378.98-262.86L400.07 18.29C392.95 6.1 380.47 0 368 0s-24.95 6.1-32.07 18.29L229.02 201.14c-14.26 24.38 3.56 54.86 32.07 54.86h213.82c28.51 0 46.33-30.48 32.07-54.86zM280.61 208L368 58.53 455.39 208H280.61z"]},"name":"8","page":"pJSGSy5SotO","pageName":"What is happening today in the refugee structures in the Aegean islands","key":"e0o1Alw1beb"}}],"hideTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":1,"value":[512,512,"M480 288H320c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v160c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h160c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V320c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32zm-16 176H336V336h128v128zM128 256C57.31 256 0 313.31 0 384s57.31 128 128 128 128-57.31 128-128-57.31-128-128-128zm0 208c-44.11 0-80-35.89-80-80s35.89-80 80-80 80 35.89 80 80-35.89 80-80 80zm378.98-262.86L400.07 18.29C392.95 6.1 380.47 0 368 0s-24.95 6.1-32.07 18.29L229.02 201.14c-14.26 24.38 3.56 54.86 32.07 54.86h213.82c28.51 0 46.33-30.48 32.07-54.86zM280.61 208L368 58.53 455.39 208H280.61z"]},"name":"close8","page":"pJSGSy5SotO","pageName":"What is happening today in the refugee structures in the Aegean islands","key":"etZ_IQ_4Q9C"}},{"trigger":{"image":{"type":1,"value":[448,512,"M432 32a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v80a16 16 0 0 1-16 16h-16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V96H256v336h48a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v16a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H144a16 16 0 0 1-16-16v-16a16 16 0 0 1 16-16h48V96H48v32a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V48a16 16 0 0 1 16-16z"]},"name":"Main problems of residents in the C","page":"pJSGSy5SotO","pageName":"What is happening today in the refugee structures in the Aegean islands","key":"ei5gPhxjbks"}}]},"type":"w3KGW2DkF2","cl":"w3KGW2DkF2"},{"key":"etcyUX_gqUv","type":"frame","actions":["eVGQ6lO-rXK"],"children":["e3h5etFExBV","etZ_IQ_4Q9C"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"e0o1Alw1beb","content":{"shapeId":"qMeReCY9r4"},"type":"shape","cl":"shape"},{"key":"eLcIeiRQQ09","type":"section","children":["eUnuRV_b80X","etcyUX_gqUv","e0o1Alw1beb"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eW1LQnWTQES","content":{"text":"All CCAC also record significant delays in the provision of the monthly financial assistance allowances, which the Administration is required to provide to asylum seekers until the processing of their application has been completed. According to the procedure, the Reception and Identification Service has a list of beneficiaries which is updated every month. From the moment of entry in the list of beneficiaries, a period of at least 15 days is required to "climb up" the system, while in Kos and Lesvos we were told that the acquisition of a Greek mobile number is also necessary. Therefore, the initial reception of the allowance requires at least forty days, without any retroactive payments. A vulnerable woman living on Lesvos, whose case was taken over by Refugee Support Aegean, was deprived of the cash card she was entitled to for several months, by mistake of the system. There are also cases of people who, in the meantime, either received international protection status or had their request rejected, resulting in them never receiving the allowance.
In CCAC, there are also, in certain cases, shortcomings in hot water and baby milk, in baby diapers and bed linen, and poor quality of mattresses. Poor quality and quantity of food are among the most serious problems, and it also seems that there is no provision for a special diet in cases of serious health problems, nor for baby foods. There are also significant maintenance problems in containers.
Within the structures there is a lack of recreational activities. Spaces of creative activities or shop spaces, as intended[9] , have not in most cases been put into operation. This also applies to spaces that are already ready to function, e.g. laundry rooms in Kos. There are not enough shaded areas, making it impossible for residents to stay in open space, especially during the summer months.
"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"eON5Bdw7HHO","content":{"text":"9. See respectively for Samos Kos Leros
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It emerges from the nationalities of the residents that there is often a large number of asylum seekers, particularly from Afghanistan and Somalia, whose claims are dealt with under the Joint Ministerial Decision (KYA) which defines Turkey as a “safe third country” and are therefore rejected as unacceptable without any consideration in substance, exposing residents to a precarious situation in an limbo state. These people are cut off from reception conditions while they are currently allowed to stay in the CCAC.
"},"type":"text","cl":"text pagNyN-YaFK"},{"key":"euO4EDOUskL","content":{"text":"11. Applicants for international protection in Greece are also provided free legal assistance at the second degree of the asylum procedure, by a lawyer included in the Register of Lawyers of the Asylum Service for the purposes of applying the legal remedy provided by para. 5 of Article 7 of L 4375/2016 before the Appeals Authority referred to in Article 4 of the same Law, in accordance with the specific terms and conditions of this Decision.
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256zM448.35 19.97c-11.17-7.33-26.18-4.24-33.51 6.95-7.34 11.17-4.22 26.18 6.95 33.51C488.06 103.91 527.61 177.02 527.61 256c0 78.98-39.55 152.08-105.82 195.57-11.17 7.32-14.29 22.34-6.95 33.5 7.04 10.71 21.93 14.56 33.51 6.95C528.27 439.57 576 351.33 576 256S528.27 72.42 448.35 19.97zM231.81 64c-5.91 0-11.92 2.18-16.78 7.05L126.06 160H24c-13.26 0-24 10.74-24 24v144c0 13.25 10.74 24 24 24h102.06l88.97 88.95c4.87 4.86 10.88 7.05 16.78 7.05 12.33 0 24.19-9.52 24.19-24.02V88.02C256 73.51 244.13 64 231.81 64zM208 366.04L145.94 304H48v-96h97.94L208 145.95v220.09z"],"media_restart":[512,512,"M457.4 9.4l-50.1 50.1C365.4 27.2 312.8 8 255.8 8 119.2 8.1 7.7 119.8 8 256.5S119.2 504 256 504c63.9 0 122.2-24.2 166.2-63.9 5.1-4.6 5.4-12.6.5-17.4l-7.1-7.1c-4.5-4.5-11.7-4.7-16.5-.5-39 35.1-89.4 54.9-143.1 54.9-118 0-214-95.6-214-214 0-118 95.6-214 214-214 46.5 0 90.7 14.9 127 41.7l-53.6 53.6c-20.1 20.1-5.9 54.6 22.6 54.6h128c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32V32c0-28.5-34.6-42.7-54.6-22.6zM480 160H352L480 32z"]},"children":["eodZVE2CKPx","enc4oG0b2fz","edtRP81S7Kw","eNOSpp3rblt","egdusjIXVus"],"cl":"wUNTsB8PHK"},{"key":"eRgPNm6jVf1","content":{"text":"The European Commission's supervisory role in the new structures on the islands Following the fire that completely destroyed the RIC in Moria in September 2020, the European Commission announced the provision of funding the Greek authorities for the new structures and - for the first time in the annals of European asylum policy - co-managing a new structure in Lesvos. At the same time, it created the Task Force Migration Management as a mechanism to facilitate the coordination between the EU institutions and the Greek authorities, agencies and bodies involved in migration management. The Task Force is also aimed at supervising and ensuring compliance with European standards in structures on the islands, but the precise role of the Task Force and the distinction between the operational support towards the authorities and the enforcement of European rules remains unclear have not been delivered to date
Based on the reality in the CCAC in the Aegean islands, as shown by this RSA research, in particular the serious deficiencies in medical and psychosocial personnel and the regime of incarceration and excessive policing, the obvious need is to strengthen the reception system, investing in decentralised forms of reception in small open structures within the urban fabric throughout the Greek territory. For as long as the structures on the islands function as hotspots, with newcomers staying semi-permanently in them until the completion of their asylum procedure, the conditions in them will continue to be incompatible with the legal obligations of the country towards asylum seekers and with European standards.
The only way to fulfil the country's obligations and respect the fundamental rights of refugees is to radically change the European migration and asylum policy. The EU-funded structures on the islands are precisely an expression of failure of this European policy, aiming to - unlawfully- prevent arrivals to the EU, through the externalisation of borders and generalised militarisation.
"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"e_kTJiytXr-","type":"section","children":["eRgPNm6jVf1"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eORlsxvqkLK","content":{"text":"Capturing the change of the natural landscape due to the construction of the new Lesvos CCAC in Vastria through satellite imagery. "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"e3WDSQBGwRc","content":{"startVisible":true,"loop":true,"infiniteLoop":true,"loopAmount":1,"mute":true,"fill":true,"preload":"auto","controls":false,"noTracking":true,"playOnHover":false,"video":{"thumbnail":"https://film.vev.design/6c4u26mhXG/eEUrGQwx_q.3aep5mis8.360.webm-00001.png","sources":[{"duration":18,"format":"video/mp4","width":720,"url":"https://film.vev.design/6c4u26mhXG/eEUrGQwx_q.3aep5mis8.mp4","height":720},{"duration":18,"format":"video/webm","width":720,"url":"https://film.vev.design/6c4u26mhXG/eEUrGQwx_q.3aep5mis8.webm","height":720}],"scrollingSource":{"duration":19,"width":720,"format":"video/mp4","url":"https://film.vev.design/6c4u26mhXG/eEUrGQwx_q.3aep5mis8_scroll.mp4","height":720},"name":"lesvos ked overtime (Square).mp4","key":"eEUrGQwx_q"}},"type":"w74dqar7","cl":"w74dqar7"},{"key":"e69ca6VVegW","type":"frame","children":["eORlsxvqkLK","e3WDSQBGwRc"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"e18FKm0NKLm","type":"section","children":["e69ca6VVegW"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"elBvcaCR5D1","content":{"text":"Below are summarized data regarding the CCAC on the five Aegean islands where such structures exist (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Kos, and Leros). We then proceed by analysing in detail the conditions in each of the islands "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"eU3spvicA2O","type":"section","children":["elBvcaCR5D1"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"ei5TNo66ne9","content":{"text":"https://public.flourish.studio/visualisation/13562200/","story":false},"type":"wE-bVv5NUw","cl":"wE-bVv5NUw"},{"key":"eS9IFfOvFKp","type":"section","children":["ei5TNo66ne9"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eXjulkKQvJn","content":{"text":"very frequent power cuts
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eRlLFC-MRyw","content":{"text":"complaints about food quality and quantity
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"e66EgV9qQER","content":{"text":"shortages in hot water and children’s milk
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"ePCMEnV-0Ow","content":{"text":" shortages in bed linen and poor quality of mattresses
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"e5t9W2EspLq","content":{"text":"shortages in basic necessities
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"exH3gyBjCJv","content":{"text":" economic hardship due to inability to find a job
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"ekSpvgF3eow","content":{"text":"significant delays in the provision of monthly financial assistance allowances
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eJm4g94Es0F","content":{"text":"lack of medical staff, psychologists and interpreters
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"e39m3MTvHzS","content":{"text":"stay of unaccompanied minors in the CCAC, often for an unspecified period of time, at periods when accommodation facilities for unaccompanied minors are full
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"en9Iz4UYu2m","content":{"text":"lack of provision of special reception conditions for shipwreck survivors
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"ek_6b6PaRCq","content":{"text":"stay of newcomers in rubhalls, often on on mattress-free palettes and in the cold
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eUPXY4nX8MU","content":{"speed":0.9},"type":"w1WUiehfza","cl":"w1WUiehfza"},{"key":"endEeuHEkaM","type":"frame","actions":["eUPXY4nX8MU"],"children":["eXjulkKQvJn","eRlLFC-MRyw","e66EgV9qQER","ePCMEnV-0Ow","e5t9W2EspLq","exH3gyBjCJv","ekSpvgF3eow","eJm4g94Es0F","e39m3MTvHzS","en9Iz4UYu2m","ek_6b6PaRCq"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"eiz6zS64112","content":{"text":"Reported main problems in living conditions and significant deficiencies LESVOS CCAC "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"eQc9mqD-im0","content":{"where":"top","pos":0,"layer":0,"type":2,"dist":1000,"widget":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"bucket":"cdn.vev.design","path":"private/pK53XiUzGnRFw1uPeFta7gdedx22/5NMtHY-S4k_Rotation-256.png.png","name":"Rotation-256.png","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/pK53XiUzGnRFw1uPeFta7gdedx22/5NMtHY-S4k_Rotation-256.png.png"}},"name":"lesvos key issue","page":"pJSGSy5SotO","pageName":"What is happening today in the refugee structures in the Aegean islands","key":"eYWeyWFLmpm"},"bottom":4},"type":"w1cal72054-hh4","cl":"w1cal72054-hh4"},{"key":"eXh2iH5fBF3","type":"frame","actions":["eQc9mqD-im0"],"children":["eiz6zS64112","eLlW2QwB1il"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"e9PKFfa_L0f","type":"section","children":["endEeuHEkaM","eXh2iH5fBF3"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eMGcbyAeKhE","content":{"text":"MAIN PROBLEM "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"eVAS2JrzUaG","content":{"text":"POOR LIVING CONDITIONS /
LACK OF BASIC NECESSITIES
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eYWeyWFLmpm","type":"frame","children":["eMGcbyAeKhE","eVAS2JrzUaG"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"eF3ZS6AZEF8","type":"section","children":["eYWeyWFLmpm"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"elpvNBEMgbI","content":{"linkText":"Read in detail on the conditions in Lesvos","link":{"mode":2,"href":"https://rsaegean.org/en/lesvos-2023/","target":true}},"type":"w3tbowgsq-","cl":"w3tbowgsq-"},{"key":"eo9rvcLqMwU","type":"section","children":["elpvNBEMgbI"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eLkY_q9WsbD","content":{"text":"Lack of Commissioner for unaccompanied minors on the island
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"etfWcDoDeeg","content":{"text":"containers in very poor condition, and in most of which air conditioning does not operate
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eA71FzUzvyF","content":{"text":"many cockroaches in the spaces
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eddpM3qyhxj","content":{"text":"food of low quality and reports of food poisonings
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eMAkZn1iGQV","content":{"text":"lack of a doctor and a social worker within the structure, with serious implications on identification of vulnerability
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eMkSK66k48m","content":{"text":"deficiencies in psychosocial support, even for unaccompanied minors
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"emLBpYy7Fgj","content":{"speed":0.9},"type":"w1WUiehfza","cl":"w1WUiehfza"},{"key":"er76AAts4Qd","type":"frame","actions":["emLBpYy7Fgj"],"children":["eLkY_q9WsbD","etfWcDoDeeg","eA71FzUzvyF","eddpM3qyhxj","eMAkZn1iGQV","eMkSK66k48m"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"eMsAvMz0IA1","content":{"text":"Reported main problems in living conditions and significant deficiencies "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"e5ME8pKj-Py","content":{"text":"CHIOS CCAC "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"e85SEdyCSRX","content":{"where":"top","pos":0,"layer":0,"type":2,"dist":1000,"widget":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"bucket":"cdn.vev.design","path":"private/pK53XiUzGnRFw1uPeFta7gdedx22/5NMtHY-S4k_Rotation-256.png.png","name":"Rotation-256.png","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/pK53XiUzGnRFw1uPeFta7gdedx22/5NMtHY-S4k_Rotation-256.png.png"}},"name":"chios key issue","page":"pJSGSy5SotO","pageName":"What is happening today in the refugee structures in the Aegean islands","key":"e3i7YKv-r0d"},"bottom":4},"type":"w1cal72054-hh4","cl":"w1cal72054-hh4"},{"key":"ez_jTk8H9Sg","type":"frame","actions":["e85SEdyCSRX"],"children":["eMsAvMz0IA1","e5ME8pKj-Py"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"eWKGg4cP8gj","type":"section","children":["er76AAts4Qd","ez_jTk8H9Sg"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"ejFB12tLsSg","content":{"text":"MAIN PROBLEM "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"eV6xvvzLjBb","content":{"text":"LACK OF MEDICAL PERSONNEL
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"e3i7YKv-r0d","type":"frame","children":["ejFB12tLsSg","eV6xvvzLjBb"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"e41bAe4NxNC","type":"section","children":["e3i7YKv-r0d"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"e5EBfgoUo15","content":{"linkText":"Read in detail on the conditions in Chios","link":{"mode":2,"href":"https://rsaegean.org/en/chios-2023/","target":true}},"type":"w3tbowgsq-","cl":"w3tbowgsq-"},{"key":"eNUv2nVO-RP","type":"section","children":["e5EBfgoUo15"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eNq5ArI7V6R","content":{"text":"strict and extensive surveillance and control measures
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eXXXetNtO_X","content":{"text":"disproportionately strict guarding and reports of use of force by authorities and police
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"e7Wvy7BhjDM","content":{"text":"significant shortages of basic necessities
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"epIqkw3zhrF","content":{"text":"Problems in the access of lawyers within the structure
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eHqj6VOuWgi","content":{"text":"deficiencies in psychosocial support, even for unaccompanied minors
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eHAiikmVzT_","content":{"text":"shortages in the provision of interpretation
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eAKNPGgQBtP","content":{"text":"based on information, in mid-March, there was no doctor of the National Public Health Organisation in the CCAC
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eTm23j2O9Wr","content":{"speed":0.9},"type":"w1WUiehfza","cl":"w1WUiehfza"},{"key":"eAjerg578a5","type":"frame","actions":["eTm23j2O9Wr"],"children":["eNq5ArI7V6R","eXXXetNtO_X","e7Wvy7BhjDM","epIqkw3zhrF","eHqj6VOuWgi","eHAiikmVzT_","eAKNPGgQBtP"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"e3NbocHkMcU","content":{"text":"Reported main problems in living conditions and significant deficiencies "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"eFN4Ha8SUl2","content":{"text":"SAMOS CCAC "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"e9HNrYj1RDF","content":{"where":"top","pos":0,"layer":0,"type":2,"dist":1000,"widget":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"bucket":"cdn.vev.design","path":"private/pK53XiUzGnRFw1uPeFta7gdedx22/5NMtHY-S4k_Rotation-256.png.png","name":"Rotation-256.png","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/pK53XiUzGnRFw1uPeFta7gdedx22/5NMtHY-S4k_Rotation-256.png.png"}},"name":"samos key issue","page":"pJSGSy5SotO","pageName":"What is happening today in the refugee structures in the Aegean islands","key":"e6wmaQ4VGp2"},"bottom":4},"type":"w1cal72054-hh4","cl":"w1cal72054-hh4"},{"key":"eYhDj4wLEJg","type":"frame","actions":["e9HNrYj1RDF"],"children":["e3NbocHkMcU","eFN4Ha8SUl2"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"eFjSzY6v03K","type":"section","children":["eAjerg578a5","eYhDj4wLEJg"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"euiP9YgietA","content":{"text":"MAIN PROBLEM "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"ex-WfnyQUhf","content":{"text":"SURVEILLANCE / CONTROL
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"e6wmaQ4VGp2","type":"frame","children":["euiP9YgietA","ex-WfnyQUhf"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"e6wqa16RYtK","type":"section","children":["e6wmaQ4VGp2"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"e2q_ZSB_cNB","content":{"linkText":"Read in detail on the conditions in Samos","link":{"mode":2,"href":"https://rsaegean.org/en/samos-2023/","target":true}},"type":"w3tbowgsq-","cl":"w3tbowgsq-"},{"key":"e19lrpHH_wz","type":"section","children":["e2q_ZSB_cNB"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eA0eVbTnaG8","content":{"text":"inadequate conditions in the "safe area" for unaccompanied minors, with very limited access to activities
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eX0kA743ZyG","content":{"text":" dismissive behaviours towards residents and exhausting controls
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eoTtKjkjQPQ","content":{"text":"reports of intra-body controls in cases of drug controls
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"ehhdSXjY1Be","content":{"text":"significant shortage of interpreters
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eqO3FlrbGyy","content":{"text":" poor food quality and very small amounts of food and also drinking water
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"enI557tSw3O","content":{"text":"distribution of all meals once every noon
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eespnSh9AjI","content":{"text":"reports of shortages in the provision of essential food for children
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eF8v11WLa1b","content":{"text":"significant maintenance problems in containers
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eMrJvoY8NAb","content":{"text":"shortages in clothes and shoes
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eI43LWWr_to","content":{"text":"communal spaces, laundries and kitchens not operating
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"e3VMcw5Niuk","content":{"text":"neither a doctor nor a psychologist at the end of March inside the structure
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"e6T1q7YkwzQ","content":{"text":"reports of severe psychiatric cases that, instead of being referred, have their “geographical restriction” lifted and are obliged to seek medical care elsewhere on their own
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"ebymdjGkO_I","content":{"text":"newcomers entering the PROKEKA are forced to destroy the cameras on their mobile phones in order to prevent filming inside the PROKEKA
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eoOhJwtbqOy","content":{"text":"330
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eAjyoLajXXL","content":{"speed":0.9},"type":"w1WUiehfza","cl":"w1WUiehfza"},{"key":"eJ44TFuQnO9","type":"frame","actions":["eAjyoLajXXL"],"children":["eA0eVbTnaG8","eX0kA743ZyG","eoTtKjkjQPQ","ehhdSXjY1Be","eqO3FlrbGyy","enI557tSw3O","eespnSh9AjI","eF8v11WLa1b","eMrJvoY8NAb","eI43LWWr_to","e3VMcw5Niuk","e6T1q7YkwzQ","ebymdjGkO_I","eoOhJwtbqOy"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"e_9RJigBwOQ","content":{"text":"Reported main problems in living conditions and significant deficiencies "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"evFIR8hWkdw","content":{"text":"KOS CCAC "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"e_E_boI1w_O","content":{"where":"top","pos":0,"layer":0,"type":2,"dist":1000,"widget":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"bucket":"cdn.vev.design","path":"private/pK53XiUzGnRFw1uPeFta7gdedx22/5NMtHY-S4k_Rotation-256.png.png","name":"Rotation-256.png","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/pK53XiUzGnRFw1uPeFta7gdedx22/5NMtHY-S4k_Rotation-256.png.png"}},"name":"kos key issue","page":"pJSGSy5SotO","pageName":"What is happening today in the refugee structures in the Aegean islands","key":"eBB7tRBm0pv"},"bottom":4},"type":"w1cal72054-hh4","cl":"w1cal72054-hh4"},{"key":"e1fXlnfk9j_","type":"frame","actions":["e_E_boI1w_O"],"children":["e_9RJigBwOQ","evFIR8hWkdw"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"euj83qWx1PL","type":"section","children":["eJ44TFuQnO9","e1fXlnfk9j_"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eQNjSkneE1U","content":{"text":"Main problem "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"eDSJ-X04iZI","content":{"text":"POOR QUALITY AND QUANTITY IN FOOD AND WATER
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eBB7tRBm0pv","type":"frame","children":["eQNjSkneE1U","eDSJ-X04iZI"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"ew7TNN0zM92","type":"section","children":["eBB7tRBm0pv"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"ehEwTr11SyQ","content":{"linkText":"Read in detail on the conditions in Kos","link":{"mode":2,"href":"https://rsaegean.org/en/kos-2023/","target":true}},"type":"w3tbowgsq-","cl":"w3tbowgsq-"},{"key":"e5aD3jpsHlW","type":"section","children":["ehEwTr11SyQ"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"egMC9AaZ8IK","content":{"text":"body controls to employees and residents, even children
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"esUAgoWCuWT","content":{"text":"bad quality and quantity of food
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eoXyc6tNQOU","content":{"text":"distribution of all three meals of the day at once
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eUyfVPxrnbB","content":{"text":"shops in the structure not functioning
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"enaKkfIwEta","content":{"text":"insufficient legal assistance
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eO-PMHjM8aT","content":{"speed":0.9},"type":"w1WUiehfza","cl":"w1WUiehfza"},{"key":"eaEttB9Ae-u","type":"frame","actions":["eO-PMHjM8aT"],"children":["egMC9AaZ8IK","esUAgoWCuWT","eoXyc6tNQOU","eUyfVPxrnbB","enaKkfIwEta"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"ezNiQ81WhKH","content":{"text":"Reported main problems in living conditions and significant deficiencies LEROS CCAC "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"e637VwVhltp","content":{"where":"top","pos":0,"layer":0,"type":2,"dist":1000,"widget":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"bucket":"cdn.vev.design","path":"private/pK53XiUzGnRFw1uPeFta7gdedx22/5NMtHY-S4k_Rotation-256.png.png","name":"Rotation-256.png","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/pK53XiUzGnRFw1uPeFta7gdedx22/5NMtHY-S4k_Rotation-256.png.png"}},"name":"leros key issue","page":"pJSGSy5SotO","pageName":"What is happening today in the refugee structures in the Aegean islands","key":"e9Fl_Qhw4Q1"},"bottom":4},"type":"w1cal72054-hh4","cl":"w1cal72054-hh4"},{"key":"e0F8CC7L1ss","type":"frame","actions":["e637VwVhltp"],"children":["ezNiQ81WhKH","eEZM_UCz6E5"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"eQsnCR1yYU4","type":"section","children":["eaEttB9Ae-u","e0F8CC7L1ss"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"e5KNktFS2pE","content":{"text":"MAIN PROBLEM "},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"eHTvBRs8PZQ","content":{"text":"BODY CONTROLS TO EMPLOYEES AND RESIDENTS
"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"e9Fl_Qhw4Q1","type":"frame","children":["e5KNktFS2pE","eHTvBRs8PZQ"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"ePJ46st1REA","type":"section","children":["e9Fl_Qhw4Q1"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"e2pEEx7Hkje","content":{"linkText":"Read in detail on the conditions in Leros","link":{"mode":2,"href":"https://rsaegean.org/en/leros-2023/","target":true}},"type":"w3tbowgsq-","cl":"w3tbowgsq-"},{"key":"er3uvzOKdqC","type":"section","children":["e2pEEx7Hkje"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"ejPS88_fdE6","content":{"text":"Read in detail about the conditions prevailing at:Lesvos , Chios , Samos , Kos , Leros Εδώ μπορείτε να βρείτε τη δημοσίευση στα ελληνικά
-----------
CONTACT Phone: +30 22711 03721media@rsaegean.org info@rsaegean.org
Refugee Support Aegean (RSA) 2023
Privacy Policy Complaint submission form
"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7rA9pS8xs3"},{"key":"eNl4kYHqENw","type":"section","children":["ejPS88_fdE6"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eDdEJRMURVi","content":{"text":"Notes
Flows in January 2023 increased by 278% compared to the corresponding month of 2022 and in February 2023 increased by 69% compared to the corresponding month of 2022. Residents on the islands were 44% more in January 2023 compared to the same month in 2022 and 46% more in February 2023 compared to the same month in 2022. In January, transfers of applicants from the islands to the mainland increased by 326% compared to the corresponding month of 2022 and in February by 104% compared to the corresponding month of 2022. Ministry of Migration and Asylum, Briefing Notes January 2023 and February 2023, available
here and
here . Also, the number of arrivals from the maritime border
increased in 2022 by 195% compared to 2021 due to the departure of more people from Turkey and Lebanon in that year, who were rescued in Greek waters. The Turkish authorities reported that they
rescued or arrested about 3,000 refugees and migrants at sea in January 2023. Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis
reported in mid-January that approximately 250,000 illegal entries at the land border and almost 45,000 at the sea border were prevented in 2022.
↑ A monthly allowance of EUR 75 is provided for individuals and EUR 210 for families with four or more members. Ministry of Migration and Asylum, Benefits-Financial Aids, available
here .
↑ The Greek Council for Refugees (GCR) and Oxfam have
recommended the establishment of a clear and transparent public reporting mechanism on EU funds spent, resources used and for what purposes in these centres, including parts of the premises that are or are not functioning, with written justifications.
↑ "The facilities will be open reception centres with control of entry and exit for the residents and necessary limitations to ensure full safety and security for all groups of residents, the personnel, and the local population. The residents will be able to come and go at will.”:
Source .
↑ “Access of both temporary residents and those working in the CCAC is controlled through the YPERION Access Control and Monitoring System and the equipment installed at the central gates [turnstiles, magnetic gates, x-rays, two-factor access control system (identity and footprint)] and ensures the safe and controlled entry and exit from the structure to whoever is entitled to it. Controlled access is carried out through rotating protection bars (turnstiles) which are activated upon confirmation of the presence and identity of the cardholder” Instruction Manual for the Entry-Exit Management of Closed Controlled Access Centres - Ministry of Migration and Asylum, General Secretariat of Reception, Reception and Identification Service, Directorate of Reception and Identification Centres & Closed Controlled Access Centres on the islands, Version 1.2 || March 2022.
↑ Until March 27, 2023, the restriction of movement on the islands' CCAC was based on the Joint Ministerial Decision taken in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic and which had been renewed since then, despite the fact that for the general population of the country all restrictive movement measures had been lifted from the previous year. Recent D1a/SG.oik.17849/24.3.2023 FEK (FEK B' 1954/26-03-2023) available
here .
↑ The issue is highlighted by the Panhellenic Association of Employees in the Reception and Identification Service of Third Country Nationals, which refers to understaffing and staff shortages in structures, 23 September 2022, available
here .
↑ For more on the border procedure, read
here .
↑ Applicants for international protection in Greece are also provided free legal assistance at the second degree of the asylum procedure, by a lawyer included in the
Register of
Lawyers of the Asylum Service for the purposes of applying the legal remedy provided by para. 5 of Article 7 of L 4375/2016 before the Appeals Authority referred to in Article 4 of the same Law, in accordance with the specific terms and conditions of this Decision.
↑ ![\"Font\"/](\"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82,w=1920/private/84xLTPnl9KSkCPK8TheejlkeE6z2/image/kma7-xBYh-.png\")
![\"Distance](\"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/84xLTPnl9KSkCPK8TheejlkeE6z2/image/0LVciEm-uF.png\")
![\"Purple,](\"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/84xLTPnl9KSkCPK8TheejlkeE6z2/image/im6QU9Q2uW.jpg\")
![\"Distance](\"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/84xLTPnl9KSkCPK8TheejlkeE6z2/image/AhGX1L7oEb.png\")
![\"Chios](\"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/84xLTPnl9KSkCPK8TheejlkeE6z2/image/hK1ZU5mGGB.jpg\")
![\"Distance](\"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/84xLTPnl9KSkCPK8TheejlkeE6z2/image/hxWeeKiCYY.png\")
![\"Samos](\"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/84xLTPnl9KSkCPK8TheejlkeE6z2/image/WiZQxd8YmW.jpg\")
![\"Distance](\"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/84xLTPnl9KSkCPK8TheejlkeE6z2/image/Mgk3I5DVeD.png\")
![\"Purple,](\"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/84xLTPnl9KSkCPK8TheejlkeE6z2/image/5-alP8H3N9.jpg\")
![\"Distance](\"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/84xLTPnl9KSkCPK8TheejlkeE6z2/image/HOG0b75V8A.png\")
![\"Leros](\"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/84xLTPnl9KSkCPK8TheejlkeE6z2/image/K2K5DbWmk0.jpg\")
![\"Colorfulness,](\"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/84xLTPnl9KSkCPK8TheejlkeE6z2/image/xoErUS7Wei.jpg\")